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\midheading{$W+b$ production, processes 12,17}
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\label{subsec:wb}
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These processes represent the production of a $W$ boson which
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subsequently decays leptonically, in association with a single bottom
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quark, exploiting the weak transitions $c \to b$ and $u \to b$.
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This is produced at leading order by an initial state which
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contains a charm quark (or the CKM suppressed $u$ quark) and a
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gluon, e.g
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$ c(-p_1)+g(p_2) \to W^+(\to \nu(p_3)+e^+(p_4))+b(p_5)$
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and
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$ u(-p_1)+g(p_2) \to W^+(\to \nu(p_3)+e^+(p_4))+b(p_5)$
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or the charge conjugate processes for $W^{-}$.
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This process is somewhat analogous to single top production.
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The effect of the bottom quark mass is included throughout the calculation.
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For this case the CKM matrix elements $V_{cb}$ and $V_{ub}$,
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(if they are equal to zero in the input data file, {\tt mdata.f})
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are set equal to $0.041$ and $0.00347$ respectively.
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Otherwise the non-zero values specified in {\tt mdata.f} are used.
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The calculation of this process may
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be performed at LO and NLO.
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When {\tt removebr} is true, the $W$ boson does not decay.
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